ASSESSMENT OF LAND SURFACE DEFORMATION IN GEOLOGICALLY HAZARDOUS AREAS BASED ON GEODETIC MONITORING AND GIS TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

This article examines the assessment of land surface deformation in geologically hazardous areas through the integration of geodetic monitoring, geological observations and GIS technologies. The proposed approach combines GNSS observations, high-precision leveling, UAV/photogrammetric imagery, digital elevation models, geological maps and Sentinel-1 InSAR products within a unified GIS environment. In the conditions of Uzbekistan, earthquakes, landslides, mudflows, subsidence and waterlogging processes directly affect the stability of construction sites and transport infrastructure. Therefore, geodetic measurements should be considered not only as a means of determining coordinates and elevations, but also as a monitoring system for controlling the dynamics of geological processes. The paper proposes a procedure for scoring hazard factors, weighting them and calculating an integral hazard index. Using a 312 ha sample polygon, the areas of hazard classes, deformation rates and observation-point indicators are analyzed through tables and graphical materials.